The Placenta, an Afterthought No Longer | Blood Seperation

Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed tiny ultrasound-powered robots that can swim through blood, removing harmful bacteria along with the toxins they produce. These proof-of-concept nanorobots could one day offer a safe and efficient way to detoxify and decontaminate biological fluids.

In vitro invasion assay was performed, as described previously (56). Briefly, cellular invasion was measured in a growth factor–reduced Matrigel invasion chamber with 8-μm pores (#354483, Corning). Cells (3 × 105) in a medium containing 0.1% FBS were placed into each Boyden chamber. The medium containing 10% FBS was placed in the lower chamber to facilitate chemotaxis. Invasion assays were run for 15 hours, and then cells that passed through the Matrigel membrane were stained with 0.09% crystal violet/10% ethanol. After extraction by elution buffer [1:2:1 acetate buffer (pH 4.5)/ethanol/deionized water], the stain was measured at 560 nm. Representative images of invaded cells were taken by an Axio Zoom.V16 microscope (Zeiss). The assay was run in triplicate, in biologic replicate.

Education officials appear to be delivering on their promise to evaluate thoroughly government schools’ performance and to make their findings public. That is a welcome change from the past, when critical reports were massaged, edited and even buried from view ….

29. ‘Jane’ had already indicated to the Panel in her capacity as a complainant that she did not wish her participation to be disclosed to Isaacs or his legal representatives, that she would not provide oral evidence or be subject to cross-examination by the Panel, that the Panel could use information from her statement to pose questions to Isaacs while ensuring that her confidentiality was protected and that she was willing to answer questions but only in writing from the Panel or interested parties through her legal representative.

53. Paragraph 12.1.3 of the Terms of Reference requires the Panel to investigate “whether Isaacs or any other member, employee or office bearer, including Zackie Achmat, silenced or intimidated any potential complainants against Isaacs.”

As this indication received accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response, continued approval may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials.

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250. There is cause for concern where such private interest is kept secret or where it actually comes into conflict with a public duty. The test is not the existence of the personal or private relationship but whether or not that private relationship appears to or does influence the objective exercise of official duties or has influenced objective professional judgment.

“We have requested Naco to provide the two equipment and they are likely to be here within a week,” medical officer-in-charge of PMCH blood bank A.K. Singh said.

Persons with a liberal bent of mind, who prize individual freedoms like free speech, gender and racial equality, are especially troubled, for our country appears to be at a juncture where fundamental notions of modern India are under existential threat.

Supplementary material for this article is available at https://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/4/9/eaat7828/DC1

It was B.R. Ambedkar, the key driver of the Constituent Assembly, who said: “The assertion by the individual of his own opinions and beliefs, his own independence and interest as over and against group standards… is the beginning of all reform.” These ideas also find their way into the Constitution.